Belirtisiz Tamlama (Indefinite compound)- Takısız Ad Tamlaması (Bare compounds)
It is formed without the suffix -ın -in –un -ün (Tamlayan eki) but only with the third person possessive suffix ı, i, u, ü (Tamlanan eki).
Example:cep telefon + u
| mağaza | sahip | + | i |
| Ad | Ad | + | Iyelik |
| Tamlayan | Tamlanan |
| okul | takımı |
| sınıf kapısının | kolu |
When two nouns come together and the first one describes the second, only the second noun takes the possessive suffix (third person).The relationship between the two words is not possession but description.
In this case the compound doesn’t denote the owner of a specific shop (mağazanın sahibi, that is to say (bu) mağazanın sahibi but generally the owner of a shop. The difference between the indefinite and definite compound can be easily understood from the omission of the article, for example Shop Owner instead of the shop's owner .In indefinite compounds“Belirtisiz ad Tamlaması” the modifier takes rarely the plural form .It is usually interpreted with a noun: aile doktoru (family doctor.)
A possessive compound can be possessed by another noun carrying the genitive suffix: aşçının yemek menüsü(menu) or it can form another compound misafir yemek menüsü(menu for guest).In both these examples yemek menüsü has only one possessive suffix although one expects two possessive suffixes. One for forming the compound yemek menüsü and then another, in the first example to relate the whole compound to the genitive aşçının and in the second to form a compound with misafir. This is because there can only be one possessive suffix on any word at one time. What will normally be the last of the possessives is kept and the rest are dropped. For example if we want to say my night dress we must not say gece elbisesim but gece elbisem, the third person possesive suffix is omitted( sı).
El bagajın ağır mı? Is your hand luggage heavy? otobüs durağı nerede? Where is the bustop?
It expresses: a) the kind ,the type, the sort or the nationality of a thing or a person
| çocuk kitabı | children’s book |
| üniversite öğrencisi | student of university |
| okul arabası | school car |
| kadın çantası | woman bag |
| yolcu uçağı | passenger airplane |
| Ankara kedisi | Ankara cat |
| Tavuk çorbası | chicken soup |
| kurt köpeği | wolf dog |
| masa örtüsü | tablecloth |
| yüzme havuzu | swimming pool |
| diş fırçası | toothbrush |
| papatya çiçeği | daisy |
| Rus halkı | Russian people |
| yatak odası | bedroom |
| yemek odası | dining room |
| portakal suyu | orange juice |
| madem suyu | table water |
| Kahve fıncanı | coffee cup |
| gezi programı | excursion programme |
| matematik öğretmeni | mathematics teacher |
| nişan yüzüğü | engagement ring |
| sevgiler günü | Valentine’s day |
| kredi kartı | credit card |
As you can understand the word su (water) has irregugular possesive ending and it becomes suyu.
b) The possessive compound is used when we want to say the names of restaurants, hotels, squares, streets, airports etc.:
| İstanbul tren istasyonu | Istanbul train station |
| Selanik havaalanı | Thessaloniki airport |
| Hilton Oteli | Hilton Hotel |
| Taksim meydanı | Taksim square |
| Van gölü | Lake Van |
| arkeoloji müzesi | archaeological museum |
| Boğaziçi köprüsü | Bosphorus bridge |
| Egnatia yolu | Egnatia road |
| İstiklal caddesi | Freedom avenue |
| Aristotelis meydanı | Aristotelous Square |
| Pire limanı | Peraeus harbour |
| Akdeniz iklimi | Mediterranean climate |
c)occupation, vocation, profession:
| Fabrika işçisi | worker |
| Ankara Valiliği | Ankara Prefecture |
| Kadıköy Belediyesi | Chalkidona town |
| Amerika büyükelçisi | American ambassador |
| Meclis Başkanı | the president of parliament |
| İngiltere kralı | King of England |
| Banka şubesi | bank branch |
| Eğitim Bakanı | education minister |
| Bebek hekimi | pediatrician |
| Cep telefonu tamirci | mobile craftsman |
d) It is used in time expressions in which a date or the name of a day or month is compounded with the noun indicating the unit of time in question.
| 1982 yılı | The year 1982 |
| Pazartesi günü | Monday |
| Şubat ayı | The month of February |
e) The names of various cooked dishes for example şiş kebap (grilled meat on skewers) kuzu fırın(roasted lamb).
f)We use bare compound nouns for street names. Akgül Sokak, Turna Sokak, Çetin Sokak Güvercin Sokak etc.
Takısız Ad Tamlaması (Bare Compounds)
Compounds in which the first noun specifies the material from which the item is made.
| altın | gold, golden |
| bakır | copper |
| demir | iron |
| gümüş | silver |
| cam | glass |
| kağıt | paper |
| tahta | wood, wooden |
| elmas | diamond, made of diamonds |
| deri | leather, made of leather |
| kumaş | fabric, made of fabric, cloth |
| yün | wool, woolen |
| altın küpe | golden earring |
| gümüş tabak | silver plate |
| elmas yüzük | ring with diamonds |
| deri koltuk | leather armchair |
| kumaş çanta | bag made of cloth |
| demir kapı | iron door |
| kağıt bardak | paper glass |
| tahta masa | wooden table |
| taş duvar | stone wall |
| yün çorap | woolen sock |
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